Repetition - Academic Mode

Definition of repetition
Repetition is a literary device that repeats the same words or sentences a few times to make an idea clearer and more memorable. There are several types of repetition that are widely used in both prose and poetry.

As a rhetorical device, it could be a word, phrase, or complete sentence or line of poetry that is repeated to express its meaning in the highlight all text. Repetition is distinguished not just as a phrase, but rather as a rhetorical device.

Types of repetition
The following examples of repetition are classified according to the different types of repetition, both in literature and in daily conversations.

Anadiplosis: repetition of the last word in a line or clause.
Anaphora: repetition of words at the beginning of sentences or verses;
Antistasis: repetition of words or phrases in the opposite sense;
Diacope: repetition of words interrupted by some other words;
Epanalepsis: repetition of the same words at the beginning and at the e nd a sentence.
Epimone: Repetition of a sentence (usually a question) to emphasize a point
Epiphora: Repetition of the same word at the end of each clause.
Gradatio: A construction in poetry where the last word of a clause becomes the first of the next, and so on.
Negative-positive restatement: Repetition of an idea first in negative terms and then in positive terms.
Polyptoton: Repetition of words from the same root, with different endings.
Symploce: A combination of anaphora and epiphora, in which It is both at the end and at the beginning
Brief examples of repetition in poetry
If you think you can do it, you can do it
The boy was a good soccer player, because his father was a soccer player and his grandfather was a soccer player. Bird said, "I don't sing because I'm happy, I'm happy because I sing."
The politician declared: “We will fight whatever happens, we will fight on all fronts, we will fight for a thousand years.
The judge ordered and stamped on the table with his mallet: “Order in court, order in court.”
The refugees went to the neighboring country when they saw blood everywhere - blood in the passageways, blood in the fields, blood As they came out of the When they came to the cinema, they all agreed that the film was a waste of money, a waste of time and energy.
The boy was scared when he was taken to the hospital. he shuddered at the slightest sound and he shuddered at the slightest breath into the room.
The president said, “Work, work and work” are the keys to success.
The speaker said, “Good morning to the old, good morning to the young , good morning to everyone present. "
The team captain reaffirmed his determination to win the match, win the tournament and win the hearts of his people.
The general said to his army," Men - you must fight for the life of your people, your family and your country. "
The boss repeated his routine advice:" Don't be late, leave too early or delay your work. "
The students sang to raise the mood of their team during the game:" We will win, we will win. "
The new boss says that in this organization the wrong person has been appointed to the wrong job using the wrong procedure, but this won't happen again.
Examples of Repetition in Literature
Example # 1: An Art (by Elizabeth Bishop)
“The art of losing is not difficult to master;
so many things seem to be filled with the
intention to lose yourself that your loss is not a disaster ...
You lose something every day. Accept the bewilderment
of the lost keys to the door, the hour wasted badly.
The art of losing is not difficult to master
although it may seem (Write it down!) Like a disaster. "

In this example, the poet has repeatedly used the phrase "The art of losing is not difficult to master" throughout the poem. This line of restriction creates rhythm and emphasizes the idea. Note that this line, however, varies slightly in the final stanza, although it is still considered a chorus.

Example # 2: Annabel Lee (By Edgar Allan Poe)
“It was many, many years ago,
In a kingdom together to the sea,
There lived a maiden whom you may know…

I was a child and she was a child,
In this kingdom by the sea,
But we loved with a love that was more than love —
Me and my Annabel Lee … "

The poet is using the restraint line" In a kingdom by the sea. "This appears in the second line of each stanza and is repeated in the final line of the third stanza, attracting the attention of readers and contributes to its beat and rhythm.

Example # 3: Do not go gently into that good night (by Dylan Thomas)
"Do not enter gently into that good night,
Old age must burn and rave at the end of the day;
Rafa, rage against the death of light ...

Y you, my father, there in the sad height,
Damn, bless me now with your fierce tears, I beg you.
Do not enter gently into that good night.
Rage, rage against the death of the light. "

This is very famous poem that uses repetitions of the chorus, "Don't go gently into that good night" and "Rage, rage against the death of the light." These refrains make the poem catchy and easy to remember.

Example # 4: Pass through the woods on a snowy night (by Robert Frost)
"The woods are beautiful, dark and deep,
But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,
and miles to go before I sleep."

Frost has used a refrain repeated only in the last verse, as he utters: "And miles to go before sleep." It gives rhythm to the poem and emphasizes this idea of doing many things before dying.

Example # 5: Excelsior (By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)
“The shadows of night were falling fast ...
A banner with the strange device,
Excelsior!

There, in the cold and gray twilight,
Lifeless, but beautiful, lay…
A voice fell like a shooting star,
Excelsior! "

The poet makes use of the refrain" Excelsior! "throughout the entire poem, creating rhythm and attracting readers' attention. desirable, highly advisable,
The attitude hardly available, properly scholarly."

In this poem, Crapsey uses the refrain, "properly scholarly attitude" to highlight the theme of being a poet who has the proper scholarly attitude

Example # 7: Oh Captain! Captain! (By Walt Whitman)
"Oh Captain! My captain! Get up and hear the bells;
Stand up - for you the flag is waved - for you the bugle sounds ... "

theme. See the repetition of the words" captain "," stand up "and" for you "in these two lines. This theme continues throughout

Example # 8: 1940 Speech to the House of Commons (by Winston Churchill)
"We will not falter or fail. We will continue to the end. Oceans, we will fight with increasing confidence and increasing strength in the air, We will defend our island, whatever the cost, we will fight on the beaches, we will fight on the landing fields, we will fight in the fields and in the streets, we will fight on the hills. We will never give up. ”

This is a beautiful example of repeating in prose, where the speaker has repeated “let's go” and “fight” several times.

Example # 9: I Have a dream speech (By Martin Luther King, Jr.)
"I have a dream that one day in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor lips dripping with the words of interposition and annulment - one day right there in Alabama, black boys and black girls will be able to unite with white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

T I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day all the valleys will be exalted and every hill and mountain will be lowered, the rough places will be leveled and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord will be revealed and all flesh to one will see it.

In this famous speech by the American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. he repeats the phrase "I have a dream" several times. This makes the speech very powerful and memorable.

Function of repetition
Refrain is a purely poetic device. and the most important function that a refrain can perform in poetry is to add emphasis and create rhythm. When a line or phrase recurs in a poem or piece of literature, it becomes noticeable to the reader. Your ideas are unforgettable and draw the reader's attention to a particular idea. It does this by using a single line repeatedly throughout a poetic work so that readers can pause each time they encounter such repetition.