Past Participle

Definition of the past participle of the past
Past participle is the third form of a verb. In regular verbs, it is the same as the original verb. However, in irregular verbs, a past participle is a word that uses "-ed", "-d". and sometimes "-t" at the end of its present or first form.

The past participle uses auxiliary verbs such as "haben", "hat", "had" and in some cases "should have" or "should have" For example, around the Describe the perfect or conditional aspect of the action. For example in the sentence: "Although many have tried, no one has yet explained the crucial fact that science, which can do so much, cannot decide what to do" (The Measure of Man, by Joseph Wood Krutch) , the verbs “tried” and “explained” are in their past participle forms.

Difference between past participle and past
Both are grammatical forms of verbs. Perfect participle is one of the five verb forms that include the infinitive, simple present, simple past, past participle, and present participle. It is the thi rd form of the verb and can appear in the present, past or future tense. For example, in the sentence “He took his son to the hospital” the phrase “took” in the past participle form is as opposed to the past form “he took his son to the hospital”.

The past form, on the other hand, only seems to describe what happened in the past or in the simple past or past tense, although it also ends with "-d". "-Ed" and "-t", but without the use of auxiliary verbs. For example: “She went to college with her friend.”

Daily use of the past participle
She has learned
Here, the past participle “learning” has been combined with the auxiliary verb “has” to serve the purpose of the present tense.
Your dress was well Stitched.
In this line, Stitched acts as a passive voice.
She has a broken
In this example, Broken acts as an adjective.
Examples of earlier participles in literature
Example 1: The bluest eye (by Toni Morrison)
“Sunk in the grass from an empty lot one spring Saturday I split the stalks of milkweed and thought about ants and peach pits and death and where the world was going when I closed my eyes. I must have been lying in the grass for a long time for the shadow that was in it. When I left the house, it was gone from me when I came back. ”

All underlined words in this excerpt are past participles, including“ sunk ”,“ located ”and“ vanished ”. The second and third also used the auxiliary verbs "haben" and "had".

Example 2: Leave it to Psmith (from P. Wodehouse)
"All that had happened was that Psmith, who was working Mr. Cootes' eye and gun in a different direction, jumped forward, grabbed a chair, hit the unfortunate man over the head with it, him off freed his pistol and jumped to the mantelpiece he removed the revolver that was lying there, and now looked at it, both weapons in a threatening position, censored by shiny glasses. "

In this excerpt, the participles of the past appeared as" occurred "," emerged ". "Caught", "hit", "relieved", "jumped" and "removed".

Example 3: Notes on a Small Island: The Things That Make Great Britain Really Great (by The Independent)
"Despised as inexpressible Common by some gardeners, the gnome is often viewed as a rather crude decoration created by the introduction of lunar gnomes and even naked gnomes was not supported. ”

Each of the underlined words are participles of their respective verbs, as they end" -Ed. "The tense is not over, but in the present perfect form.

Example 4: The old man and the sea (from Earnest Hemingway)
"But they didn't show it and they spoke politely about the current and depths they had. The successful fishermen of that day were already in and had slaughtered their marlin and carried it over two boards in full length .." Those who caught sharks had taken them to the shark factory ... ”

Hemingway has this passage in the past tsform written using the participles of the past “driven”, “seen”, “slaughtered”, “captured” and “taken”. Each has appeared with the auxiliary verb “had” to describe past events.

Function of the past participle
The past participle can perform several functions. It can act as a perfect tense, an adjective to describe a noun, and a passive voice. Its use is very important when writing. The past participle is useful not only for describing an event in the recent past, but also very effective in giving an impression of an event that has just occurred in order to establish the writer's credibility as well as the event itself.
Participle Past Tense