Participle

The definition of participle
A participle from a grammatical point of view is the form of a verb that ends either in the present participle with “-ing” or in the past participle with “-ed”. The word "participle" has its origin in the Latin word "participle", which means "to share, to participate or to participate". When combined with auxiliary verbs, it indicates an aspect, voice, or tense of the verb. It also works as a stand-alone adjective in its "-ing" form, as in the sentence "Newport Harbor lay stretched out in the distance," with the rising moon casting a long, swaying trail of silver on it "(Uncle Tom's Cabin, from Harriet Beecher Stowe), the underlined word “ascending” is an independent adjective.

Types of Participle
Present Participle - Present Partiples express active actions and work They end with “-ing”, such as carrying, knocking and sharing. For example:
I like this shining star.
A laughing girl is stronger than a girl who complains.
Here shining, laughing and complaining are the examples of the present participles.

Past participle - Past participles are indicated with passive actions. The past participle of regular verbs ends with "-ed", and the past participle of irregular verbs ends with "-d", "-n", "-en" or "-t", e.g. B. "issued", "broken" and "opened" etc. For example:
She has learned
Don't waste your time looking at a closed
Here are examples of past participles learned and closed.

Perfect participle - A perfect participle is created by adding the word "Have" created for a past participle shows an action that has taken place in the past. It looks like this: "Past participle + have ..." For example:
After the girl had read a horror book, she rushed out of her room.
After Mary had washed the dishes, she sat to relax In these sentences the past actions of reading and washing the dishes were completed. One action after another also occurred: the girl hurried out of the room after doing the Book; and Mary relaxed after washing the dishes.

Examples of Participles in Literature4 0a4Example 1: Will in the World (by Stephen Greenblatt)
“I believe in broken, broken, complicated narratives, but I believe in narratives as a vehicle for truth, not simply as a form of entertainment. ”

This example has used all the past participles as shown underlined:“ broken ”,“ broken ”and“ complicated ”. "The past participle of the irregular verb is" broken ", while the rest are past participles of regular verbs.

Example # 2: The farmer's children (by Elizabeth Bishop)
" The new home was next to the 'new' macadamized road and it was tall and box-like, painted yellow with a gleaming tin roof. "

This is another example using the past participle “painted”. This past participle works as an adjective, indicating what happened in the past.

Example # 3: Christmas Present (by Robert Penn Warren)
“During the storm, the frightened cat hid under the bed.
The clock, his face held up by plump painted porcelain cupids, punctuated with a small busy sound. ”

This example has used the past participles“ scared ”and“ painted ”. Both end in "-ed", indicating that the actions have occurred in the past.

Example # 4: The Wondrous Wood Duck (by Jack Denton Scott)
"Ducks come with fast and quiet wings, gliding through the crowns of the trees as if they were guided by radar, turning, turning, never touching a twig in that thick vegetation of trees that surrounded the lake. ”

All participles in this example are present participles, which mention actions that are happening in the present tense. They “slide”, “turn”, “turn” and “touch” each other as underlined.

Example 5: The chaste planet (by John Updike)
“Licking from the walls of the restaurant, they beamed when landing at airports and when driving a car fell down, rang church steeples, thundered from the parade ground, tingled through the walls of the apartment, was carried through the streets in small boxes and even violated the peace of the desert and the forest, where blue musical comedies could be seen in drive-ins… ”

In In this passage there are two past participles: "beamed" and "carried". All other underlined words are participles ending with "-ing". These include “leaking”, “ringing”, “thundering”, “tingling” and “hurting”.

Example 6 The Old Man and the Sea (by Earnest Hemingway)
“They took the equipment off the boat. The old man carried the mast on his shoulder and the boy carried the wooden boat with the coiled, hard-plaited brown lines. They walked together up the street to the old man's hut and entered through the open door. The old man leaned the mast against the wall with his sail wrapped around ... ”

Hemingway wrote this entire passage in previous participles telling what happened in the past - how the old man and the boy managed to get ready to fish.

Function of Participle
Participles play various important roles in a sentence. They act as parts of verbs or nouns or adjectives Unique features of the modification of the modifiers, such as adjectives and adverbs, participles are mostly used to embellish a poem or prose. They also connect sentences together to ensure consistency and show the timing of the actions.

Noun Past Participle