Adverb
An adverb is a part of speech that informs about an action: how, where, when, in what way or to what extent it has been carried out. The term adverb is derived from a Latin word adverbium, which is a combination of two words: ad, which means "for", and verbum, which means "word" or "verb".
An adverb can modify complete sentences, subordinate clauses, and prepositional phrases. However, its main purpose is to modify a verb, another adverb, or an adjective. For example, in the sentence, "I was eloquently drunk, lovingly and aggressively drunk" (Elmer Gantry, by Sinclair Lewis), the underlined adverbs are modifying the adjective "drunk."
Adverb types The meanings, there are seven types of adverbs, which are given below:
Time adverb: informs about when the action occurs, as in "She never tells me anything", the word "never" is an adverb of time . - informs about where the action occurs, as in "Tulips grow everywhere", the word "everywhere" is an adverb of place.
Manner adverb: reports on how the action occurs, as in "The cat walked stealthily", the word "stealthily" is a fashionable adverb.
Adverb of degree: informs about the extent to which an action has occurred, as in "she caught her more intelligently", the phrase "more cleverly" is an adverb of both mode and degree.
Adverb of condition: informs about a certain condition that is necessary before the action occurs. It often starts with "unless" or "if", as in "When the trains come we will arrange the function". The phrase "When the train comes" is an adverb of the condition.
Adverb of Concession - contrasts with The main idea. It starts with a minor conjunction, such as if, during, just, if, during, and though. For example, in "Although your face looks oddly shaped, you are undoubtedly beautiful," the word "though" is an adverb of concession.
Adverb of Reason - provides a reason for the main idea. It starts with a minor conjunction, e.g. B. because, as, since or given. For example in “I can't open the door because I've lost the key”, the word “because” is an adverb of reason.
Examples of adverbs in literature
Example 1: The Pit and the Pendulum (by Edgar Allan Poe)
“The thought came softly and secretly ... but just as my mind finally came To feel it right and to amuse it, the figures of the judges magically disappeared from me; the tall candles sank into nothing; their flames went out completely; the blackness of the darkness appeared; All sensations seemed to have been swallowed up in a frenzied descent as if from the soul into Hades. “
In this example, Poe used adverbs of type and state. The first two adverbs, “gently” and “secretly” reinforce the meaning of the verb “Kam. "The other adverbs are" properly "," if "," magically "and" completely ".
Example # 2: In the mountains of madness (by H. Lovecraft)
" And now, when Danforth and I saw the and a reflective, iridescent black slime that clung thickly to those decapitated bodies and reeked obscenely with that new unknown scent whose cause only a sick fantasy could imagine, it clung to those bodies and glowed less voluminous on a smooth part of a damned resculpted wall in a series of grouped points - we understood the quality of cosmic fear to its fullest depth. ”
This is another good example where the author has used adverbs in a manner. These adverbs include "cool", "reflectively", "thickly", "obscenely," less bulky "and" damn ". They are all modifying the meanings of their respective verbs.
Example # 3: In Our Time (by Earnest Hemingway)
“It was a terribly hot day. We had jammed an absolutely perfect barricade across the bridge. It was simply priceless. ”
In this example, the author has used adverbs of manner, which include“ hideously ”and“ absolutely ”. These adverbs tell us how the actions took place.
Example 4: Sacred Disorders (by Edmund Crispin)
Movement. ”
In this long sentence there are three adverbs that are somber, tentatively modifying the verb“ considered ”, tentatively modifying the verb“ nudge ”, and apparently improving the meaning of the verb“ hope ”. The main function of an adverb is to provide verbs and modify verb phrases. In this way, it can provide information related to time, place, frequency, certainty, nature and other circumstances. An adverb also amplifies the meaning of words, which it modifies by emphasizing the words, intensifying their meanings, and weakening the feelings they carry
Popular Literary Devices
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